Topic guide
Korean Kinship & Address Terms — The Complete Beginner Map
Korean doesn't just have words for family — it runs everyday social life on them. Friends become 'older brothers' and 'older sisters,' coworkers become 'seniors,' and choosing the wrong word can turn a compliment into an insult.
This page organizes every address term a beginner needs into one system. Start with the 2×2 sibling grid, then expand outward to school, work, and strangers.
Use this as a map, not a memorization list — once you know roughly where a term sits (older/younger, family/social), click through to that specific term's page for the full nuance and examples before you actually use it on someone.
- 01
What Does 오빠 (Oppa) Mean in Korean?
오빠 (oppa) is what a girl calls an older brother or close male friend in Korean — who can use it, when to…
- 02
What Does 형 (Hyung) Mean in Korean?
형 (hyeong) is what a boy or man calls an older brother or close male friend — how it differs from 오빠…
- 03
What Does 언니 (Unnie) Mean in Korean?
Unnie (언니, officially eonni) is what a woman calls an older sister or older female friend.
- 04
What Does 누나 (Noona) Mean in Korean?
Noona (누나, also spelled nuna) is what a man calls an older sister or older female friend.
- 05
오빠 (Oppa) vs 형 (Hyung): What's the Difference?
오빠 (oppa) and 형 (hyung) both mean 'older male' — the speaker's gender decides which one to use.
- 06
언니 (Unnie) vs 누나 (Noona): What's the Difference?
Unnie (언니) and noona (누나) both mean older female; the speaker's gender decides: girls say 언니, boys say 누나.
- 07
What Does 동생 (Dongsaeng) Mean in Korean?
동생 (dongsaeng) means younger sibling, or a close younger friend.
- 08
What Does 막내 (Maknae) Mean in Korean?
Maknae (막내) means the youngest member of a family, team or K-pop group.
- 09
What Does 선배 (Sunbae) Mean in Korean?
Sunbae (선배, also seonbae) is someone who joined your school, company or field before you, not just someone…
- 10
What Does 아줌마 (Ajumma) Mean in Korean?
Ajumma (아줌마, also ajuma or ahjumma) means a middle-aged woman in Korean — but it can offend.
- 11
What Does 아저씨 (Ajusshi) Mean in Korean?
Learn what 아저씨 (ajusshi) means in Korean — 'mister' or middle-aged man — when it's fine, when it…
- 12
What Does 형님 (Hyungnim) Mean in Korean?
형님 (hyungnim) is the extra-respectful version of 형 — including its workplace and 'gangster boss' K-drama…
- 13
What Does 사촌 (Sachon) Mean in Korean?
Cousin in Korean is 사촌 (sachon), one word for any cousin.
- 14
What Does 삼촌 (Samchon) Mean in Korean?
삼촌 (samchon) is 'uncle' on the father's side in Korean, also used loosely for any uncle-like man — plus…
- 15
What Does 이모 (Imo) Mean in Korean?
이모 (imo) means 'aunt' on the mother's side in Korean — and, in everyday speech, the way you address…
- 16
What Does 고모 (Gomo) Mean in Korean?
고모 (gomo) is 'aunt' on the father's side in Korean, as opposed to 이모 on the mother's side — with the…
- 17
Korean Family Titles Beyond Mom and Dad
What to call aunts, uncles and cousins in Korean: 이모 (imo), 고모 (gomo), 삼촌 (samchon), 외삼촌 and 사촌 (sachon) —…
- 18
Why Koreans Often Don't Know Their Friends' Spouses' Names
It's completely normal in Korea to not know a close friend's spouse's first name — kinship titles replace…
- 19
Korean In-Law Titles Chart: What to Call Your Spouse's Family (Free PDF)
A free one-page chart of Korean family titles after marriage: siblings' spouses, a wife's in-laws (시댁) and…
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